5+Volcano(+Part2)

Ryan Yu.

I. Alert Levels A. Alert Level 0  B. Alert Level 1  C. Alert Level 2  D. Alert Level 3  E. Alert Level 4  F. Alert Level 5  II. Process of Eruption A. Causes
 * 1)  a. dormant volcanoes, normal seismic and fumarolic activities.
 * 1)  a. Volcano is restless
 * 2) Eruption may occur
 * 1) Volcano is erupting or may erupt anytime soon
 * 1) Significant Local eruption in progress E.
 * 1)  Hazardous eruption in progress F.
 * 1) a. Explosive and significant eruption is happening or may happen anytime
 * 1) Earthquakes
 * 2) 1. earthquakes can make cracks on the crater making the magma flow out
 * 3) Pressure Build up
 * 4) Water


 * 1)  When water enters, it will turn into water vapor because of the temperature and would increase the pressure.
 * 2) Ash goes out


 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> the volcanic ash and gases would be spewed out


 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> C. Lava goes out

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> a. lava along with gases would be spewed out D. Things in a Volcanic Erupion a. Pyroclastic Flows 1. Mixture of hot gas, ash and other volcanic stuff that move quickly down a slope 2. Cannot be outrun 3. Anyone caught in it would most likely die b. Nues Ardentes 1. Incandescent cloud 2. One of the most destructive kind of volcanic eruption 3. Viscous magma erupts under reasonably low pressure causing a glowing cloud of ash and pumice to be thrown into the air. It falls to earth before it can cool down. c. Volcanic Ashes 1. Less than 2.5 cm in size 2. They are like small shards of glass which damage anything in their way 3. Fatal mainly because of suffocation d. Lahars 1. Mudflows formed by mixing volcanic particles and water 2. Its force may crush carry away buildings 3. It is best to evacuate because everything that is left over will be buried e. Debris avalanches 1. Debris that is transported away due to the instability of the volcano’s slope 2. Occur on large and steep volcanoes 3. One of the most hazardous but least common of volcanic dangers f. Landslides 1. Gradual, downslope movement of a mass of bedrock 2. mixing this with water may produce harmful lahars

A. Hawaiian <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> B. Strombolian <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> C. Vulcanian <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> D. Peleean <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">I **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">II. Types of Eruption
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> relatively quiet effusion of ballistic lava unaccompanied by explosions
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Continuous but mild discharges in which viscous lava is emitted in recurring explosions
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The ejection of incandescent material produces luminous clouds
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Magma gathers at the vent of the crater but is being blocked by a hardened plug of lava.
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">When the gases reach a critical pressure in the volcano, masses of solid and liquid rock will erupt into the air and a cloud of water vapor above the crater.
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Most violent
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The volcano emits fine ash, hot, gas-charged lava and superheated steam in an incandescent cloud that travels downhill quickly
 * 3) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">often accompanied by torrential rains because of the condensation of the steam

V. Effects of Volcanic Eruption A. Mountains <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> B. Sea floor <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> C. Acid Rains <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> acid rain D. Add nutrients to the soil <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> E. Create new islands <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> F. Ozone destruction <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> G. Green House effect <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> contributes a little compared to humans who release 150 times more carbon dioxide. H. Haze effect
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Can be formed when lava hardens
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Lava can make the sea floor when it hardens underwater
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> This happens because of the Gas emissions of the volcano which can contribute to
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Happens when there is weathering
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> The fertile soil will help the plants and crops grow
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> When lava hits water bodies, it will cool down and solidify
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Not mainly the volcano’s HCI who is destroying the ozone. It is only harmful because of the human-made CFC
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">HCI mixes with the chlorine and bromine carrying chemicals of CFC which can cause the destruction of the ozone layer
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> It contributes to the green house effect by emitting carbon dioxide but it only
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> It was thought that the ash of the volcano was the main cause for the haze effect but itwas later proven wrong.
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">The release of sulfur-rich gases is the main cause of the haze effect because the sulfur rich gases would mix with water vapor in the stratosphere. Then it will form clouds with sulfuric acid droplets which absorb the sun’s radiation and scatters it back to space.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> Sources: International volcanic research centre. last updated jan 5 2010. CURRENT ALERT LEVELS OF VOLCANOES OF INTEREST. []

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Volcano. (n.d.). //News//. Retrieved January 06, 2010, from Answers.com Web site: []

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